Environmental protection is certainly the greatest current challenge to mankind as it plays a crucial role in economic and societal development throughout the world. By cleaving to this challenge, we will be able to generate sustainable development within human societies. The understanding of direct and indirect effects of global change on biodiversity will be crucial for management and conservation of natural environments. Over the last decades, the analyses carried out by ecologists have revealed the great fragility of natural balances and the dramatic ecological consequences of unwise human activities.